1. Where does potential energy come from in the lever arm from the trebuchet 2. Where is there potential energy throughout the loading, cocking, and releasing of the trebuchet where is there kinetic energy

positive reinforcement? ?

it's when something is going so fast it makes a loud noise, breaking the sound barrier, for example: a jet makes a loud noise, not only cause of the jet but because they reached a point where they went so fast that you can year the noise from various parts, kinda like a police car, lets say the car was going   so fast that you hear the siren of the cop car right next to you, but the car is probably a mile a way, it's cos the siren was next to you a few seconds if you understand me