Read the statements. Water bears are microscopic animals. When water bears are exposed to a vacuum of space, about 30% of them can survive.

A scientist is doing an experiment on water bears and vacuum exposure.

Which option is a prediction that relates the outcome of the scientist’s experiments with probability?

1. The scientist thinks water bears can survive vacuum exposure because they have little water in their bodies.

2. The scientist thinks that under some conditions, up to 40% of the water bears can survive.

3. The scientist thinks that there is a 15% chance that he will receive funding for more research.

4. The scientist thinks that other animals can also survive vacuum exposure.