Why is shorter wavelength light scattered more than longer wavelength

May someone explain how to do this question?

Which statements about tornadoes are true? check all that apply. (a) about 12,000 tornadoes hit the united states every year. (b) a tornado looks like a funnel. (c) tornadoes are deadly atmospheric storms that cause millions in damages each year. (d) tornadoes can reach wind speeds of more than 300 miles per hour. (e) kansas is the state with the most tornadoes. (f) you will always notice a funnel before a tornado strikes.

Determine the change in width a, height b, thickness t when a plate is subjected to the uniform distributed load and is made of material having modulus of elasticity e=230 gpa and poisson's ratio ν=1/3. given : a=400 mm and b= 300 mm also the uniformly distributed load in downward y direction of plate is 2 mn/m and in the positive x direction is 3 mn/m and t=20 mm