An underground tank with a capacity of 1700L (1.70m3 ) is completely filled with ethanol that has an initial temperature of 19.5?C. After the ethanol has cooled off to the temperature of the tank and ground, which is 10.5?C, how much air space will there be above the ethanol in the tank? (Coefficient of volume expansion of ethanol is 75*10^-5°C

force required to detach it is given by

charges are taken to be fundamental charge

now we have

so above is the minimum distance at which it will detach

the answer is the first electromagnet (a). this is because it has more coils around the ferromagnetic material. increasing the number of coils increases the surface area in which the metal interacts with the current in the coil. this enables more atoms in the metal to become aligned hence becoming more magnetized.