What are the answers to this?

1) when you rub your hands together quickly, the kinetic energy is converted to mechanical energy.2) thermal energy from the sun travels to earth as infrared waves.3) energy is transferred through the matter of space by electromagnetic waves. 4) when a match is burned, chemical potential energy is converted to thermal and radiant energy. 5) seismicwaves are caused by back and forth movement , or vibration, of an object. 6) mechanicalenergy in an engine changes thermal energy into kinetic energy to make a car move.

If its history of, then b) because a) implies only present day (now)

Ithink the answer is c. make unnecessarily  wide gestures 

In atoms, the electron carries a negative elementary or unit charge; the proton carries a positive charge. the two types of charge are equal and opposite. in an atom of matter, an electrical charge occurs whenever the number of protons in the nucleus differs from the number of electrons surrounding that nucleus.