Avolcano erupted on an island. the entire plant community was destroyed and the island was covered with grey ash. slowly, lichens and mosses started growing on the island. they in the process of soil formation and later other plants started growing too.

There are several kinds of plants who grow and thrive near volcanic locations. For example coffee, grape vines, moss and the rare Hawaiian argyroxiphium, or "silversword." These plants grow and survive using the nutrients from the ashes of the volcanic eruptions along with cooled lava.

Mosses and Lichens form a protective layer over the land which helps it to retain water inside it, rather than drying out which is the case in volcanic sites. Therefore, the retained water helps the land to form and become appropriate for other plants to grow as well.

force is based upon mass and acceleration.the statement is not always true.

it can be explained from newton's second law of motion.

as per newton's second law of motion the rate of change of momentum is directly proportional to the applied force and takes place along the direction of force.

mathematically it can be written as -

                                              ⇒      

here   k is the proportionality constant whose value is 1.

                                                            [a is the acceleration=dv/dt]

hence we see that force not only depends on mass and acceleration but also on velocity and rate of change of mass. force f will depend on mass and acceleration only when mass is constant.

hence the statement that force is based upon mass and acceleration is false.