Aforce that acts on rock to change its shape or volume is called
a. an aftershock.
b. friction.
c. liquefaction.
d. stress.

The best answer is D.

Stress is a force that acts on rock to change its shape or volume. Because stress is a force, it adds energy to the rock, which is stored in the rock until either the rock breaks or changes shape.

There are three kinds of stress, namely shearing, tension and compression.

Shearing-  force that pushes a mass of rock in two opposite directions and can cause rock to break and  slip apart or change shape.

Tension -  force that pulls on the crust, stretching rock so that it becomes thinner in the middle.

Compression - force that squeezes rock until it folds or breaks

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