Upwelling
only happens in the open sea
happens when water sinks toward the ocean floor
happens when water rises to replace moving surface water
is caused by breaks or disruptions in a longshore current

- - A up welling is a solution appearing and moving towards the ocean surface meaning as, its going up,
Therefore, C happens when water rises to replace moving surface water

By dividing you can find the answer

stands for electromotive force and it is measured in volts. despite its name, it is not actually the force in the sense of being a "pushing" or "pulling" (not measured in newtons).an equation that relates emf,  ℰ,  to a battery's terminal voltage, v, current, i, and internal resistance, r, is    ℰ = v + irin this case, the emf can be interpreted as a voltage—a difference in electric potential.i would not say that it would be considered an energy. if emf can be defined as the energy/work per a unit charge from a battery or other electric source, then it is not strictly energy.