What is the common phrase for natural selection

Which of the following explains why it took so long for the public to accept the negative health effects of smoking? a)people were waiting for counter reasons, and those were presented.b)scientists had not completely finalized their results, which took 30 years.c)cigarettes were cheaply available and media channels were very inefficient.d)cigarette manufacturers were trying hard to bring an alternative into the market

If a simple machine reduces the strength of a force, what must be increased?

The diagram shows four locations in the electric field of a positive point charge m. at which location is the electric potential the greatest.