How does kinetic energy affect the stopping distance of a vehicle traveling at 30 mph compared to the same vehicle traveling at 60 mph?

Well you of course have different kinetic energies with the two speeds.
Kinetic energy = (1/2)*mass*velocity^2
The vehicle's mass is the same in both cases, so we can ignore that as well as 1/2 since it's a constant.
So we have (30)^2 vs (60^2)
which is 900 vs 3600
So having 60 mph compared to 30 mph is 4 times the kinetic energy.

B) raising the temperature and reducing the volume of the gas.|-/