What do organisms need in order to reproduce?

Generally, investment philosophy is dividend into one category: conservative.

Jim has found that he must consume 2,300 calories a day to reach his health goals, but he doesn't want to give up his afternoon snack of pretzels. unfortunately, he tends to eat the entire bag — which amounts to 1,300 calories! what strategy should jim use to improve his habits?

What did pavlov initially notice about the animals in his original research after conditioning took place?