You charge $60 for a new pair of shoes, and your competition charges $45 for the same pair of shoes. who will a consumer most likely buy from?

The consumer will most likely buy your competition's pair of shoes because as far as the question is concerned, it is probably of the same quality, and in common sense, nobody will buy shoes for $60 when they can buy it for $45.

The correct answer is b, social stratification is needed for a society to exist. marxist theory regarding social stratification is that due to the differing economic capacities among people in society, a natural separation occurs between those that own the means of production and those that sell their labour in the production chain. 

Some stress reducing strategies that a lot is: aromatherapy, yoga, meditation, quiet walks in the park, or listening to relaxing music.