Herbert Spencer used the concept of social Darwinism to defend the concepts of philanthropy and generous giving. the rise of poverty and the mortality rates of less fortunate people. the evolution of the human species and the will to survive. the need for immigration and equality between the classes.

Which scenario describes intraspecific, indirect competition? a. a peacock defends its territory against another peacock. b. lions and hyenas compete for the same prey animals. c. a male black bear eats fish in an area of a lake, so other black bears can’t. d. different species of birds fight over spilled popcorn on the ground.