every time a boy visited his grandfather, he would pass a house with a large dog in the yard that would bark and scare the boy. years later, the boy becomes anxious whenever he visits his grandfather, even though the dog is no longer there. the boy learned to become anxious in this situation through which process?

The correct answer is the classical conditioning. Classical conditioning is defined as a king of learning procedure by which a kind of biological potent stimulus is being associated or paired with a stimulus that is considered to be previously neutral.

this null effect is caused by a weak manipulation and ineffective internal validity. in a scientific study, as the one dr. morimoto is trying to perfom, internal validity refers to the confidence placed in the cause-effect relationship and to how well an experiment is done and able to eliminate confounding variables.        

answer; form new memories;