You clap with delight when your young son picks up a spoon. you laugh and applause when he later brings the spoon toward his mouth. when he places the spoon in his mouth you hug and kiss him all over. it is most likely that you

Shaping is a conditioning paradigm utilized principally in the experimental examination of conduct. The strategy utilized is differential support of progressive approximations. It was presented by B. F. Skinner with pigeons and later expanded to puppies, dolphins, people and different species.

first, the romans stayed isolated because they had to defend their own territories from neighboring cities that were harassing them, like the etruscans. second, once the romans managed to defeat their neighbors, and started to expand their territory, they started to build roads and bridges. finally, now that the romans have covered their territory with roads functioning as highways, they could mobilize their legions faster to assemble larger military units in a specific place

they had freedom from the government and from the affairs