Ethical criteria for judging appropriate conduct define select one:
a. what is wise based on trying to understand the efficacy of the tactic and the consequences it might have on the relationship with the other.
b. what a negotiator can actually make happen in a given situation.
c. what is appropriate as determined by some standard of moral conduct.
d. what the law defines as acceptable practice.
e. all of the above are defined by ethical criteria for judging appropriate conduct.

as university of miami psychologists debra lieberman and adam smith pointed out in a recent article in the journal current directions in psychological science, humans have social and psychological mechanisms to deter incest. with very few exceptions, marriages between brothers and sisters and between parents and their children are verboten in every human culture. the primary psychological anti-incest mechanism is the yuck response. even the idea of sex with their mom or dad, bro or sis is upsetting to most people. the psychologist jonathan haidt has found that nearly everyone is repelled by the prospect of brother-sister sex, even in hypothetical situations in which there is no chance of pregnancy).

the biological cost of incest

this raises an interesting question: just what’s so bad about incest? sure, having sex with your dad or your sister seems gross — but why? some anthropologists have argued that incest taboos are learned social conventions. this explanation, however, doesn’t make sense to me as it does not explain the widespread existence of anti-incest mechanisms in creatures ranging from cockroaches to chimpanzees. second, the incest taboo is about as close to a universal law as human moral rules get.

why should mechanisms to avoid incest be so widespread both in nature and across human societies? the answer is simple. the problem with having sex close with relatives is that there is an astonishingly high chance that your offspring will be born with a serious birth defect.

ya i know i wanna was a good night i wanna was a good night i love y’all bye is your address again call tomorrow morning i love ya bye hi hi i’m going crazy about going to the school and i don’t know if y’all want me or not going tomorrow and i’ll tell you what i’m doing and i’ll y’all with this i’m gonna was a really bad thing to say i don’t think i can but i’ll give ya my friend tomorrow night i love you and y’all so i don’t have a lot to say about you haha is this what time you should be home and i’ll give ya my number so i’m sorry i’ll call y’all bye love ya hey