National surveys on adolescents of different social classes has found that lower-income youth are more likely to have fun than upper-class youth. economically privileged youth are more likely than their less privileged peers to define their activities as fun and not work. there are no significant differences in the activities of adolescents of different social classes. the world seems more "work-like" for economically privileged adolescents.

Dr. robbins wants to know if there are different opinions regarding the value of public school education between native americans who have at least one relative who attended indian boarding school and native americans who have no family experience with indian boarding school. dr. robbins contacts 35 native american participants in each group. he wants each group to include younger as well as older adults, and a mix of male and female participants. he asks each person to complete a survey about their attitudes toward public education. the design of this study is: