Recently, the government noticed that the consumption of cigarettes has increased among working individuals. to counter this increase, the government decides to raise the cost of cigarettes by increasing the excise tax on them. after six months, the government observes that the consumption of cigarettes has decreased to some extent. which type of taxation did the government use? a. direct tax b. indirect tax c. progressive tax d. proportional tax

Lots of points: economics: the is the dollar value of all final goods and services produced within a country’s borders within a given year. a. gross domestic product b. business cycle c. inflation rate d. net exports

In writing about her findings in a brazilian shantytown, nancy scheper-hughes’s account of alto do cruzeiro provides a window into the terrible toll of nonconsensual organ harvesting among the poor, as well as how she herself changed over time. how might an anthropologist justify the publication of this ethnographic research when considering the problem of ethnographic authority? a. all of the poor must be given an equal voice, thus polyvocality is justification. b. anthropologists are themselves changed in fieldwork, and so honest reflexivity is justification. c. the horrific conditions made it impossible to ignore, and since she obtained informed consent, this is justification. d. authoritative writing asks us to consider what right we have to report, thus a moral challenge is justification.

Of the 8 territories that were brought under the flag of the united states by 1853, which on do you think was the most important addition to the growth of the united states? give 2 reasons.