An anthropologist who considers the way in which a disease interacts with both human culture and the natural, non-human environment is considered a

The anthropologist described in the question is called medical anthropologist.

A medical anthropologist is someone who studies human health and disease as well as the healthcare systems and the biocultural adaption stemming from these conditions. They are concerned with community health programs in different ethnic groups, which also involve analyzing how different ethnic groups respond to disease prevention and management.

it is a part of john locke's natural rights popular during the age of enlightenment that people had inalienable rights to life, liberty and property. this was reflected by thomas jefferson in his declaration of independence as rights to life,liberty and the pursuit of happiness.

another line in the declaration of independence is that people have certain rights just because they are human. humans are capable of obeying the three natural rights john locke mentioned making them governable by these laws and therefore entitled to these rights as well.