Is the knowledge and tools that people use to manipulate their environment.
a. ethnocentrism
c. diffusion
b. technology
d. reformulation

"Technology" is the knowledge and tools that people use to manipulate their environment.

Technology is the collection of procedures, abilities, techniques, and procedures utilized in the creation of merchandise or benefits or in the achievement of targets, for example, logical examination. Innovation can be the learning of strategies, forms, and so forth, or it tends to be installed in machines to take into account activity without point by point information of their workings.  

The least difficult type of technology is the advancement and utilization of fundamental instruments.

unless they converted, many non-christians (mainly jews and muslims) were persecuted