Karen horney emphasized that childhood anxiety is caused by

a. an electra complex.
b. the collective unconscious.
c. erogenous zones.
d. a sense of .

The answer is: D. a sense of helplessness.

During childhood we have very little understanding about the world around us. Because of this,  most people will turn to the adult figures in our life to guide us or protect us when we are facing a certain type of problems in our life.

In some cases, children will be trapped in a certain situation the stress them but they cannot find any adults figures to guide or protect them from the problem. This will create a sense of helplessness that they will internalize as they grow up. If the problem is not resolved, This will cause anxiety in the future when they face a similar situation.

answer: intercourse

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