Which of the following is a potential disadvantage of within-groups designs?

- demand characteristics
- nonequivalent groups
- requirement of more participants
- less statistical power

The answer is: demand characteristics

Demand characteristics refers to a situation when the subjects in an experiment change their own behavior in order to fulfill the expectations of the researchers.

In within group designs, same subjects are required to follow several different tests by the researchers. When this happen, there will be some subjects will be able to catch up about the things that the researchers want to find out and may change their behavior in order to be seen as favorable by the researchers.

one way archaeology us understand the past is through the material objects it finds, allowing us to know what was being used, and when. for example a dig recently found a flute, believed to be the oldest musical instrument found to date.

i hope this

new communications technology has affected the way social movements are organized because nowadays, social movements rely on social networks and the media to get different people with a similar way of thinking in contact, and thus, get them to mobilize for a greater cause.

individuals only participate in collective action when they feel identified with it. is in this aspect that social media becomes relevant, because it guarantees communication among all individuals and organizes the social actions that are going to be carried out, i.e., the social movements.

in addition, being covered by the media is important to validate the message and make it relevant in the social agenda, as well as to reach more people who can share interests, appealing to public sympathy for their cause.

in conclusion, it is by social networks and social media that social movement is given birth; by connecting different individuals with similar ideas and organizing them to mobilize for a greater cause.