How does sociology account for the cause of drug and alcohol addiction?

What name is given to the money that had to be paid by germany in ww2

Chris, a master at office gossip and innuendo, says, "we know we have a corporate spy someplace in the organization, probably on the management team itself. there is no evidence that it is audrey. in fact, she's too clean, if you know what i mean. somebody should fire audrey; she's got to be the spy." by making this argument chris is actually engaging in (a) an appeal to emotion fallacy (b) a straw man fallacy (c) an appeal to ignorance fallacy (d) circular reasoning (e) an appeal to the mob fallacy

Which best describes the“brain trust” franklin roosevelt promised to make part of his administration? a group of america’s most successful businessmen, who would fix the economya group of hoover’s economic advisers, who would undo previous damage to the economya group of smart advisers, who would assist roosevelt in guiding the nation forwarda group of military veterans, who would assist roosevelt in putting americans back to work