How does positive affect differ from optimism?
optimism is more scientific than positive affect.
positive affect is more scientific than optimism.
positive affect involves feeling states, whereas optimism involves expectations.
optimism involves feeling states, whereas positive affect involves expectations.

Positive affect involves feeling states, whereas optimism involves expectations.

Explanation:

The positive affect, protagonist of this article, is nothing more than a general state of mind composed of a set of positive emotions. These emotions will bring multiple benefits to all of us. So much so that it is shown that they take care of our health, improve our perception of our body and contribute to our relationships are stronger and more enjoyable.  On the other hand, optimism is the willingness to look at things on their positive side and always wait for a favorable outcome, even in very difficult situations. It is the opposite of pessimism.

From this, we can conclude that the way positive affect differs from optimism is that positive affect involves states of feeling, while optimism involves expectations.

for many centuries there were important factors which the economies of the muslim empires developed increasingly. they applied economic procedures in production, investment, finance, taxation and property. they used to tax certain goods (for example: harvest), they charged interest on money lent, they signed contracts with merchants; they relied on a common currency, and they used checks as well as promissory notes. with the money collected by means of taxation, the government provided the needy with an income. in addition, trading networks covered huge distances, so far regions started to have contact and exchange goods. this trade network covered areas of asia, africa and europe.

answer; scientific method;