Protections are guaranteed by the fourth amendment to ensure that

a. police officers have more rights than suspected criminals.
b. the police do not become powerful at the expense of citizens’ rights.
c. judges can work with the police to keep suspected criminals in jail.
d. citizens do not become more powerful than the police.

it is a part of john locke's natural rights popular during the age of enlightenment that people had inalienable rights to life, liberty and property. this was reflected by thomas jefferson in his declaration of independence as rights to life,liberty and the pursuit of happiness.

another line in the declaration of independence is that people have certain rights just because they are human. humans are capable of obeying the three natural rights john locke mentioned making them governable by these laws and therefore entitled to these rights as well.