According to van gennep, there are three stages to rites of passage. these are separation, sacrifice, recovery separation, ritual death, reincarnation separation, transition, reintegration separation, pain, pleasure

separation, liminality, and incorporation

Explanation:

Arnold van Gennep was a Dutch-German-French ethnographer and folklorist who was born on April 23, 1873. According to my research on studies conducted by Gennep, I can say that based on the information provided within the question the three stages to rites of passage are separation, liminality, and incorporation.

I hope this answered your question. If you have any more questions feel free to ask away at .

d is the correct answer.

b is incorrect because it makes food by itself

c is incorrect because us humans don't know how to produce their own food using the sun like plants.

a is incorrect because consumers can depend on carnivores for eating food for consumers to eat the dead organism. same thing with omnivores.

i think it's b or c hope this