El señor díaz addressing him: talking about him: jimena y marissa addressing them: talking about them: maru y miguel addressing them: talking about them: la profesora addressing her: talking about her: un estudiante addressing him: talking about him: el director de una escuela addressing him: talking about him: tres chicas addressing them: talking about them: un pasajero de autobús addressing him: talking about him: juan carlos y felipe addressing them: talking about them: una turista addressing her: talking about her:

In this exercise, we must choose the correct Spanish subject pronoun. In order to understand this problem, let's provide the list of subject pronoun:

Yo - I

Tú - You

Él/ella - He/she

Nosotros - We

Vosotros - You (Informal)

Ustedes - You (formal)

Ellos/ellas - They (masculine) / They (feminine)

Addressing him: Usted

El Señor Díaz means Mr. Díaz, so you address him in a formal way. Hence use usted

Talking about him: él

If you talk about him, you use the third person singular él

Addressing him: Vosotras/ellas

In Spain it is common to use vosotras in informal way and ustedes in a formal way. In other Spanish speaking countries is common to use ustedes in both forms.

Talking about him: ellas

If you talk about them, you use the third person plural ellas

Addressing him: Vosotros/ustedes

Unlike the previous case, we use vosotros because Maru y Miguel are a group of people, so we use the masculine form. Ustedes doesn't change according with gender.

Talking about him: ellos

If you talk about them, you use the third person plural ellos

Addressing him: Usted

Formal form because she's a teacher, so use usted

Talking about him: ella

Use the third person singular ella

Addressing him: Vosotros/ustedes

Unlike the previous case, we use vosotros because Maru y Miguel are a group of people, so we use the masculine form. Ustedes doesn't change according with gender.

Talking about him: ellos

If you talk about them, you use the third person plural ellos

Addressing him: tú

You use the informal form because he's your classmate.

Talking about him: ellos

You use the third person singular él

Addressing him: usted

He's the school principal, so you must show respect and use usted

Talking about him: él

You use the third person singular él

Addressing him: vosotras/ustedes

Explained above

Talking about him: ellas

As mentioned, you use the third person plural ellas

Addressing him: usted

You don't know that passenger, so use the formal form usted

Talking about him: él

Use the third person singular él

Addressing him: Vosotros/ustedes

Use either vosotros or ustedes depending on whether you need to show respect or not

Talking about him: ellos

Use the third person plural ellos

as university of miami psychologists debra lieberman and adam smith pointed out in a recent article in the journal current directions in psychological science, humans have social and psychological mechanisms to deter incest. with very few exceptions, marriages between brothers and sisters and between parents and their children are verboten in every human culture. the primary psychological anti-incest mechanism is the yuck response. even the idea of sex with their mom or dad, bro or sis is upsetting to most people. the psychologist jonathan haidt has found that nearly everyone is repelled by the prospect of brother-sister sex, even in hypothetical situations in which there is no chance of pregnancy).

the biological cost of incest

this raises an interesting question: just what’s so bad about incest? sure, having sex with your dad or your sister seems gross — but why? some anthropologists have argued that incest taboos are learned social conventions. this explanation, however, doesn’t make sense to me as it does not explain the widespread existence of anti-incest mechanisms in creatures ranging from cockroaches to chimpanzees. second, the incest taboo is about as close to a universal law as human moral rules get.

why should mechanisms to avoid incest be so widespread both in nature and across human societies? the answer is simple. the problem with having sex close with relatives is that there is an astonishingly high chance that your offspring will be born with a serious birth defect.