In her study, jennifer is using church membership as an indicator of how religious a person is. she discovers that some "very religious" people rarely attend church. jennifer may conclude that: a) religiosity is a dependent variable, b) her measure of religiosity lacks validity, c) church attendance is a reliable indicator, d) there is reverse causality between church attendance and religion

b) her measure of religiosity lacks validity,

Explanation:

-There are not relevant or actual facts that she is basing her discovery on.

-For someone to be able to conclude on something they actual need to do a research in the real world and be able to analyse their findings before they can make conclusion.

-Some people may go to church everyday but not fill in any church membership but she can't solely rely on the church membership as the evidence to say people rarely go to church.

answer; primary source information;

which sentences ? that question is incomplete