In the circular flow of expenditure and income, why must the total value of production in an economy equal the total value of income? a. every penny spent on a good or service must end up as someone's income. b. domestic expenditures on imports generally equal foreign expenditures on u. s. exports. c. taxes on the production of goods and services are determined according to individual income. d. people tend to spend all of their income on goods and services.

What are the impacts of french revolution

The authors of the paper "fudging the numbers: distributing chocolate influences student evaluations of an undergraduate course"† carried out a study to see if events unrelated to an undergraduate course could affect student evaluations. students enrolled in statistics courses taught by the same instructor participated in the study. all students attended the same lectures and one of six discussion sections that met once a week. at the end of the course, the researchers chose three of the discussion sections to be the "chocolate group." students in these three sections were offered chocolate prior to having them fill out course evaluations. students in the other three sections were not offered chocolate. the researchers concluded that "overall, students offered chocolate gave more positive evaluations than students not offered chocolate." indicate whether the study is an observational study or an experiment. give a brief explanation for your choice.

According to the ohio state studies, the extent to which a leader is likely to have job relationships characterized by mutual trust and respect for his or her employees is __