During the final stage of the consumer buying decision process, a person might experience cognitive dissonance, which is a. doubts in the buyer's mind about whether purchasing the product was the right decision b. additional information sought from outside sources c. when a buyer becomes aware of a difference between a desired state and an actual condition d. a group of brands that a buyer views as possible alternatives e. objective characteristics (such as the size, speed, capacity) and subjective characteristics (such as style and color) that are important to him or her.

Asocial science theory focusing on the inborn nature of social traits and the role of evolution in shaping human behavioral patterns. b. the view that society is governed by interrelated parts that make up the smoothly functioning whole. c. the individual's sense of femaleness or maleness. d. behaviors that focus on feelings and relationships among members of a group. e. the belief that men are superior to women and should control all important aspects of society. f. the process of acquiring and internalizing the ideas and behaviors deemed appropriate for males and females by their society. g. behaviors that focus on the accomplishment of specific tasks for a group rather than on personal feelings. h. the physical and biological aspects of male and female. i. cultural attributes of masculinity and feminity. j. provides a hypothesis of why males are dominant and females submissive.

Agraduate student wants to examine the effect of print media versus televised media on individuals’ position on several social issues. the superintendent of a local work release facility, a family friend, will allow the graduate student access to the prison population to her quickly accrue subjects. the student’s irb should: approve this project since the risk appears to be no > minimal.not approve this project because the prisoners are merely a population of convenience for the student.approve this project since the superintendent is the ultimate authority on what happens in his facility.approve this project but submit it for federal review.

Asociologist wants to study a culture that occurs in some women’s prisons: “state families,” in which individual prisoners take on certain roles within a group of like-minded prisoners. there is previous evidence that younger prisoners will use older inmates who play the roles of grandparents as a resource before they will turn to staff for and advice. the lieutenant in charge of a dorm of long-term prisoners offers to gather volunteers to speak to the researcher and also offers to vouch for the integrity of the researcher. the use of this staff is: a valid use of a statistical technique referred to “snowball sampling” wherein the inclusion of the first subject leads to the recruitment of another one subject.a useful tactic in obtaining a sample of prisoners who both meet the criteria and who will be honest with the researcher.wrong and is prohibited; subject selection needs to be free from intervention by prison authorities or prisoners.acceptable only when the researcher’s irb grants a special waiver.