Luis has lived in a poor neighborhood since childhood, where violence and unemployment are high. there is heavy police presence near his home, mostly by officers who don't live in his community. similarly, most of the teachers at his school live in other neighborhoods. many of the authority figures in luis environment are suspicious of him and his friends violating rules. after many years of these conditions, luis comes to believe that he has a propensity for deviance and crime and expects this of himself and his peers. luis has
a. secondary deviance
b. an epidemic
c. internalized self stigma
d. informal social sanctions

C). Internalized self stigma.

Explanation:

Luis has developed Internalized self-stigma as he has internalized the public attitudes like 'unemployment', 'suspicious attitudes', 'violence' that makes him suffer negative consequences like lower self-esteem, propensity for deviance, and self-efficacy. This is a kind of mental illness that leads an individual towards depression and personal control of pain as they have been absorbing negative attitudes since childhood/for a long time.

Thus, as per the tendency reflected by Luis, it clearly seems that he has developed internalized self-stigma that made him develop 'propensity for deviance'. Therefore, option C is the correct answer.

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