This is a comparison based on a similarity between things that are otherwise dissimilar.

Analogy

Explanation:

An analogy is a comparison between two things. By nature, those two things are quite different from each other.

We use analogies between two things to have a more clearing understanding of one of them, by explaining it in terms of the most familiar/easiest one.

So analogies take complex subjects/aspects and simplify them by compare them to more simple subjects/aspects.

"The structure of an atom is like a solar system. The nucleus is the sun, and electrons are the planets revolving around their sun." is an example of analogy, since we are comparing the structure of an atom (the more complex topic) to the solar system (a topic which we know more about). We are finding the similarities between two dissimilar things.

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