Aresearch study reports that participants who scored high on a new test measuring self-esteem made eye contact during an interview whereas participants who scored low on the test avoided eye contact. assuming that more eye contact is associated with higher self-esteem, this study is a demonstration of validity

This study is a demonstration of "Predictive validity".

Explanation:

Predictive validity involves testing a certain metric and then determining the extent to which the result of that test predicts future behavior.

In this case, the research indicates that those people who made eye contact during an interview conducted at an earlier date, ended up scoring high on a new test that measured self esteem. On the other hand, those who avoided eye contact scored low.

Therefore it infers that, making eye contact is a predictor of high self esteem and avoiding eye contact is a predictor of low self esteem.

the old way of life was represented by superstition, an angry god, and absolute submission to authority. the thinkers of the age of reason ushered in a new way of thinking. this new way championed the accomplishments of humankind. individuals did not have to accept despair. science and reason could bring happiness and progress. kings did not rule by divine right. they had an obligation to their subjects. europeans pondered the implications for nearly a century. americans put them into practice first.