The retreatist explanation for taboo recreation claims:

a. deviance is simply a manner of personal expression
b. delinquent behavior is learned through interaction with others in social groups
c. once viable social norms no longer control people's actions
d. such pastimes are primarily injurious to the self
e. none of the above

The retreatist explanation for taboo recreation claims: (A) Deviance is simply a manner of personal expression.

Explanation:

A taboo is an activity or behaviour that is restricted based on social or cultural traditions. The taboo recreation is defined as types of leisure activities that are forbidden socially or through law and traditions. For example- gambling, substance abuse, vandalism, social abuse, violent behaviour and many more.

Taboo recreation can injure a person personally and socially. Although, retreatists explain taboo recreation as, that a deviance is simply a matter of a person's experience. Something which is a taboo for the society may be perfectly fine for a specific person.

i disagree that there is little difference between adult female development and adult male development. sociological studies comparing female and male pathways to adulthood, revelead that there are sustancial differences between them. particularly, female and male differ from timing of marriage, when they began to live with children and the likelihood of combining wife/husband and parent roles.