Singer gives the following argument: p1: if racism and sexism are wrong, then speciesism is wrong. p2: racism and sexism are wrong. c: therefore, speciesism is wrong. this argument is a. invalid, because it has a false premise b. valid, because it has the form of modus tollens c. valid, because it has the form of modus ponens d. invalid, because it has a false conclusion

According to the federal regulations, which of the following studies meets the definition of research with human subjects? a researcher conducts a comparison of the comments made in a publicly available blog and the blogger's comments on a similar topic in a weekly magazine. undergraduate students in a field methods class are assigned a research question and asked to interview another classmate, to be followed by a class discussion on interview techniques. a cognitive psychologist enrolls undergraduate students for a computer-based study about the effect of mood on problem-solving behaviors. a researcher sets up a meeting with the superintendent of a large and diverse public school system to get data about the ethnic composition of the school system and the number of students receiving free lunches.