Immunization of coupon-paying bonds does not imply that the portfolio manager is inactive because: i. the portfolio must be rebalanced every time interest rates change. ii. the portfolio must be rebalanced over time even if interest rates don't change. iii. convexity implies duration-based immunization strategies don't work.

experiments.

surveys.

questionnaires.

interviews.

case studies.

participant and non-participant observation.

observational trials.

studies using the delphi method.

by using  production possibilities graph.  opportunity costs are key expenses in financial matters and are utilized as a part of registering money saving advantage investigation of a venture. such expenses, be that as it may, are not recorded in the record books but rather are perceived in basic leadership by processing the money costs and their subsequent benefit or misfortune.

answer; i believe the correct answer is (federalist);