Explain the similarities and differences in the development of european culture and middle eastern culture. provide four to five sentences in your answer.

plz

 Eastern vs Western Culture

The culture of a community or a nation depends upon the surroundings, the values and beliefs that they are brought up upon. Hence different parts of the world feature different cultures that vary very much from one another. Today, the cultures of the world can be divided into two main parts such as the Eastern and Western culture. However throughout the years, the two have come to influence one another constantly due to globalization, and shaping and moulding one another in the process.

What is Eastern Culture?

Eastern culture is the ensemble of beliefs, customs and traditions that distinguishes the people of eastern part of the world, made up of the Far East, West Asia, Central Asia, North Asia and South Asia. Based mostly on Buddhism, Hinduism, Confucianism, Islam, Taoism and Zen, the Eastern culture explores the spiritual aspect of exploring the inner world of a human being believing that the universe and its existence is a never ending cyclic journey with no limits. Eastern culture encourages its people to gain control over their emotions and state of mind through meditation and practices the principal of virtue in all aspects of life. It is also a culture that is built upon community and collectivism as Eastern culture believes that a human being is a social creature and is an integral part of the society.

What is Western Culture?

Western culture is a term that refers to the heritage of ethical values, traditions, customs, belief systems, technologies, and artefacts that define the lifestyles and beliefs of people from the Western part of the world. The roots of the Western culture has its origins in Europe and carries a heritage of Germanic, Celtic, Hellenic, Slavic, Jewish, Latin, and other ethnic and linguistic groups. Mainly based on Christianity, one sees oneself as an element of the divine and life in service of God. Beginning in Ancient Greece and ancient Rome, Western culture continued to develop with Christianity during the middle ages, nourished by the experiments of Enlightenment and discoveries of science and spread itself throughout the world between the 16th and 20th centuries as a result of globalization and human migration.

What are the differences between Western Culture and Eastern Culture?

• Eastern culture is based on the main schools of Buddhism, Hinduism, Confucianism, Islam, Taoism, and Zen whereas the Western culture is based mostly on Christianity, scientific, logical, and rational schools.

• Eastern culture has a circular view of the universe that is based upon the perception of eternal recurrence whereas Western culture has a linear view of the universe that is based on the Christian philosophy that everything has a beginning and an end.

• Eastern culture uses the spiritual and missionary approach of searching inside oneself for answers through meditation whereas western culture takes on a pragmatic and emotional approach in searching outside oneself through research and analysis.

• Eastern culture believes that the key to success is through spiritual means. Western culture believes that the key to success is through material means.

• Eastern culture believes that one’s future is determined by one’s deeds today. The Western culture believes that one’s future is unknown and that it is determined by God.

• Eastern culture believes that a human being is an integral part of the society as well as the universe and practices collectivism. In Western culture, individualism is stronger, believing that a human being has an individualistic and is an independent part of the society and the universe.

the act of deciding on matters of the economy. economic decision making is routinely conducted by finance ministers, economic advisors, heads of major central banks and business leaders and can have profound effects on a major economy.

the first lok sabha in 1951 had 22 women mps. the current lok sabha has 66. in the span of 54 years and 16 lok sabha elections it amounts to a three- fold increase in the number of women mps that made their way to the lower house of the parliament. from 5% in 1951, women mps constitute 12.2% of the lok sabha today. the rise in numbers has been steady through the years, both in absolute numbers and percentages. the notable exceptions have been the dip in numbers during the 6th lok sabha in 1977, the 9th lok sabha in 1989 and most recently the 14th lok sabha in 2004. the trends show a marked and steady increase from 1991 onwards to the present lok sabha. the 1991 figures show a jump from 5% in the previous lok sabha to 7% and the steady increase from thereon (except for 2004). it would be interesting to understand the factors for this watershed year and continuous rise and also the fall in numbers during 2004.

s no year number of women mps percentage of women mps

1 1951 22 4.50%

2 1957 22 4.45%

3 1962 31 6.28%

4 1967 29 5.58%

5 1971 28 5.41%

6 1977 19 3.51%

7 1980 28 5.29%

8 1984 43 7.95%

9 1989 29 5.48%

10 1991 39 7.30%

11 1996 40 7.37%

12 1998 43 7.92%

13 1999 49 9.02%

14 2004 45 8.29%

15 2009 59 10.87%

16 2014 66 12.15%

the average representation of women mps( 12.15%) is higher than the national average of women mlas in state assemblies, which stands at a dismal 9%. while the numbers have increased over the years, the percentage of women that make up the lok sabha even today is not a figure to be proud of, especially when the ideal number should be at 33% at least. we still have a long way to go.

percentage of women mps in various lok sabhaswomen contestants in elections to the lok sabha

central to the question of women’s representation in lok sabha is the appetite for women to take the political plunge and jump into the fray along with and against male candidates, getting tickets from their respective parties to contest elections and finally winning the seats that they contest. while popular perception might be that few women are willing to or have taken the political plunge, number of women contestants tells an interesting story. between 1957(the earliest data available) and 2015, the total number of women contestants has increased from 45 to 668. that is a whopping 15 fold increase in the number of women contesting. if we looked at the data for male contestants for the same years, the number has increased from 1474 to 7583, a five- fold increase. the 15 fold increase in women contestants indicates towards the growing appetite for women to enter the political fray and willingness to be part of political decision-making.

number of female contenstants in various lok sabha elections

explanation: