Is defined as a structured, teacher-centered approach that is characterized by teacher direction and control, high teacher expectations for students’ progress, maximum time spent by students on academic tasks, and efforts by the teacher to keep negative affect to a minimum

Direct instruction approach.

Explanation:

Direct instruction approach refers to direct or explicit teaching techniques where a teacher lectures standing in front of the class. It is the most general method of teaching in which the teacher takes the central role by lecturing or demonstrating the information. However not every student is benefited from this method and therefore teachers have to change the teaching approach according to the different topics. For example learning grammar of a language is suitable for this method but the topic of magnetism engages much more experimentation.

the answer is d.index