Beth makes and markets cosmetics. for an ad, beth superimposes her logo onto a photo of chelsea, a famous model, suggesting that chelsea uses beth’s products. beth does not ask chelsea’s permission. beth is most likely liable to chelsea for

Beth is most likely liable for "Appropriation".

Explanation:

Appropriation occurs when someone uses a name, image or any other form of another person's identity, to make financial gains, without first getting permission from the owner of the identity.

By using Chelsea's photo for an ad, without getting Chelsea's approval first, Beth is liable to Chelsea for appropriation.

permafrost layer, it exists beneath a layer of soil, rock or sediment.

protectionism fosters competition and keeps price regulated is not an argument in favor of protectionism.