All of the following are important criteria when making causal inferences except: a. consistency with existing knowledge b. dose-response relationship c. consistency of association in several studies d. strength of association e. predictive value

Predictive Value.

Explanation: in order to make an inference casual, three criteria must be fulfilled.

They are

1)Consistency with existing knowledge

2)Dose-response relationship

3)Consistency of association in several studies

Predictive value is not a part of the criteria for casual inference. Predictive value is always based on probability of an outcome and casual inference is never about probability.

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