Which of the following statements describes a difficulty presidents face in the policy implementation process? (a) members of the bureaucracy often lack the expertise to carry out the president’s preferred policies. (b) members of the president’s cabinet can be removed at any time by congress. (c) because of civil service laws, it is not easy for the president to remove professional bureaucrats when they disagree with the president’s agenda. (d) congress generally gives specific details about how the laws they pass will be executed by members of the professional bureaucracy.

Not all members of the radio audience of orson welles' war of the worlds broadcast panicked immediately. indeed, some didn't panic until they looked out of the window and saw empty streets; others didn't panic until they saw streets full of traffic. it was after checking out the situation that these citizens decided that the martians had indeed invaded earth. this example illustrates that contagion can result when people look to others for the interpretation of ambiguous situations . can result when cultural norms reinforce people's most likely responses. occurs primarily because humans are by nature irrational creatures. is especially likely when people are motivated to make independent decisions.