Aresearcher is interested in the differences in criminal propensity among individuals living in an urban versus suburban environment. if the researcher fails to find a significant difference, when in fact one exists in the population:

Type II error has been made.

Explanation:

Type II error which is sometimes called beta error is a statistical term that refers to failing to reject a null hypothesis when it is in fact false. This means that a false idea is accepted as true. It confirms an idea that should have been rejected, claiming the two observances are the same even though they are different.

The researcher concluding that there is no significant difference in criminal propensity among individuals living in an urban versus suburban environment when there actually is means he has made a Type II error.

answer; (d) none of the above;

it depends on which society you are referring to. many civilization performed rituals so the gods would with their growing season but the most well known is that of the aztecs. they would make sacrifices, usually animals, but sometimes humans as well.