Jim was placed in a juvenile home after several run-ins with the law, including shoplifting, truancy, and burglary. at the juvenile home, jim was informed that he could earn special privileges with good behavior. positive behaviors, such as cleaning his room or with maintenance at the facility, were rewarded with points. the points could be redeemed for privileges, such as snacks, access to recreational opportunities, or extra time to watch television.
the juvenile home is using:

a) rational-emotive therapy.
b) counterconditioning.
c) a token economy.
d) virtual reality.

A token economy

Explanation:

A token economy is a type of positive reinforcement. It is given to the students to improve their score in the study. It is also given to children to change their behavior. The token economy is a very famous reinforcement that is provided to the juvenile to change their behavior and they can behave in a desired manner. It is used to strengthen behavior and to increase its frequency.  

Thus when Jim is placed in a juvenile home after running several times from home. In the juvenile home, Jim was providing a token economy so that he can change his behavior and can behave in a desired manner.  

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marginal cost is a microeconomic measure that us to evaluate the extent to which the level of production of a good is sustainable in accounting, that is, to how many quantities the company plans to profit from the production of the good.

the concept of marginal cost is simple, it means the cost of producing one more item. for example, in the case of pies, the marginal cost is the cost of producing one more pie than those that have already been produced.

it is important to understand that productive activity influences marginal cost. the marginal cost of some goods can be very high, while others may be insignificant. for example, the marginal cost of producing an extra plane is very high. already the marginal cost of a water company to provide 1l more water is derisory.

in the case of pies, the cost involves the inputs, the labor and the fixed cost, which involves the fixed space of the bakery. the level of production initially has the marginal cost decreasing because there is space and manpower available. however, to produce more you have to hire more workers and buy more inputs. if physical space is limited, workers will conflict with places, inputs and their productivity will decrease, meaning there is an optimum point of production for each level of space and manpower. from this point on, the productivity of the workers will be getting smaller because of lack of space, so that the marginal cost of producing one more pie will be increasing. so, although you have not posted the chart, but if you have the answer, you can see that my explanation goes according to the marginal cost curve that will increase from the 4th pie, answer (c).