Martin luther king jr. insisted that the only gateway to negotiation. those negotiations ended with birmingham businesses agreeing to integrate lunch counters and hire more blacks.

peaceful civil disobedience.

Explanation:

The Birmingham movement of 1963, was mass movement of the African Americans who were facing segregate laws in Birmingham, Alabama. Its leaders including Martin Luther Jr. advocated a peaceful civil disobedience in which a large number of protesters were arrested and it finally bore fruit when the protest got world recognition. In 1964 under the Civil Rights Act, discriminatory laws practices were abolished and businesses were open to all citizens including African Americans.

this is not a question

answer; belief perseverance;