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question 1

charles darwin's groundbreaking book, the origin of species, described the process of

a. acquired traits.

b. natural selection.

c. the laws of gravity.

d. the movement of the solar system.

question 2

which of the following is an example of an adaptation that would give an animal differential mortality?

a. ability to hold breath underwater

b. stronger legs for jumping

c. differently shaped teeth for tearing different types of food

d. all of the above

question 3

which of the following has improved its fecundity?

a..a rabbit that has longer ears

b. a stingray that is well-camouflaged

c. a wood duck with brighter, vibrant coloration than the others

d. a tree frog with a more toxic poison

question 4

a school has a spelling contest where, at each round, the poorest spellers are eliminated. by the time they send 5 students to the state championships, they have found the best spellers in the school. this might be called

a. survival of the fittest.

b. evolution.

c. differential mortality.

d. differential fecundity.

question 5

in terms of the long-term evolution of species, what really matters about an individual's life span?

a. how many years they live

b. how many surviving offspring they are able to have

c. how many predators they fend off

d. all of the above

question 6

what causes the original "new trait" in a population?

a. genetic mixing

b. cross-breeding with other species

c. random mutations

d. all of the above

question 7

what is the outcome of a random mutation causing a new trait?

a. bad; the trait causes problems

b. good or bad, depending on whether the trait is adaptive () or not

c. it does not matter, because it will be eliminated

d. the new trait will increase in the population

question 8

if mutation caused there to be some humans that could fly, what might happen?

a. it might take thousands or millions of years, but the ability to fly might increase in the population, since it would probably be adaptive.

b. the new gene would quickly be eliminated in the species.

c. all humans would be able to fly shortly after.

d. none of the above are true.

question 9

nicole and tony's parents were concert pianists. nicole practiced for 2 hours a day since she was 3, and she became a famous pianist herself. tony was not interested in piano, and was not that good, but found he could pick up tunes fairly easily at a party if there was a piano around. what does this scenario demonstrate?

a. the piano-playing was inherited.

b. the piano-playing was acquired.

c. the talent to play was likely inherited, but actual proficiency (becoming good) was an acquired trait.

d. nothing can be determined from this scenario.

question 10

a species of songbird was studied in a laboratory setting. raised from hatching without any others of its species, it listened to the songs of a different species every day on a tape recorder. when it reached reproductive age, it began singing the song of the different species. however, it made the warning calls of its own species. what does this study show?

a. warning calls are acquired; songs are inherited

b. songs are acquired; warning calls are inherited

c. this study does not show anything

d. all sounds are acquired