Dr. livingston maintains that unconscious mental processes and early childhood experiences are critical in the formation of a personality. dr. livingston's beliefs reflect the perspective of personality
a. humanistic
b. social cognitive
c. psychoanalytic
d. trait

c. psychoanalytic                                            

Explanation:

Psychoanalytic perspective: In psychology, the psychoanalytic perspective was introduced by one of the famous psychologists named Sigmund Freud in Vienna during the 1890s.

The psychoanalytic perspective is defined as a major branch in psychology that aims at treating patients with mental disorders by analyzing the relationship between the unconscious and the conscious mind. It mainly focuses on the significance of the unconscious mind instead of a conscious mind.

In the question above, Dr. Livingston's beliefs reflect the psychoanalytic perspective of personality.

answer; when one group has an extremely high score at pretest;

the language of nature was a manifestation from god as he said "let there be light" and there was light the world began to assume visible, comprehensible form.

what ever we know now think of the old vision of creation we can be sure that with out the speaking of word -without language- we would have no science today with its striking power to illuminate the world.