The layer of earth below the crust and above the outer core is

Mantle

Explanation:

It is the mantle because the layers of the Earth are (top to bottom)

crust

mantle

outer core

inner core

therefore mantle is the answer

answer; ///( no)   they would be tried separate,criminal cases would be tried first, then the civil case;

the arab empire adopted the muslim religion as their main belief. arabs would influence the people from the territories they invaded towards islam (the muslim belief).

nevertheless, throughout the history of the arab empire, rulers brought intellectual individuals from other religions to their centers of learning. these other foreigners included jews, christians, greeks, persians, and indians.   these resulted in the adoption of important knowledge developed by these cultures by the arabic empire. for example, the works of aristotle were translated from greek to arab and indian scientists brought the numerical concept of "zero" to the arabs.

nowadays, 93% of the arab population is muslim, which at the same time is subdivided in sects including the sunni, zaini, alawi, shia. the remaining 7% is composed mainly of christians.