Increased mobility and technological advances lead to the increasing exposure of people to that are different from their own.

Culture and Societies

Explanation: Mobility in the forms of migration and temporary movements between countries and regions expose people to a new way of life and a social structure that is different from their own. Technology shortens the distance between these cultures. The advent of the internet and social media, especially make it possible to share the experiences and social norms of people across the world at the moment they are taking place.

This exposure is what led to the study of sociology, which aims to understand  more than just the norms and culture of a place. It studies the factors that create social structures, cause their breakdown, and social patterns regardless of culture.

the answer is:

c. economic output