External public access defibrillator (pad) interprets that the rhythm of a pulseless victim is ventricular fibrillation and advises defibrillation. which action should the rescuer take next?

Clear people away from the victim/client, charge the defibrillator, and depress the discharge buttons

Explanation:

The purpose of defibrillation is to restore the normal rhythm of the heart and to do this, you want people cleared from near the victim. Hence, the first thing the rescuer should do is to have people cleared away from the victim. To restore the normal rhythm of the heart, a controlled electric shock is administered, before the required voltage is acquired, the machine must be charged, hence the second thing the rescuer must do is to charge the machine, and finally the rescuer has to depress the discharge buttons.

as university of miami psychologists debra lieberman and adam smith pointed out in a recent article in the journal current directions in psychological science, humans have social and psychological mechanisms to deter incest. with very few exceptions, marriages between brothers and sisters and between parents and their children are verboten in every human culture. the primary psychological anti-incest mechanism is the yuck response. even the idea of sex with their mom or dad, bro or sis is upsetting to most people. the psychologist jonathan haidt has found that nearly everyone is repelled by the prospect of brother-sister sex, even in hypothetical situations in which there is no chance of pregnancy).

the biological cost of incest

this raises an interesting question: just what’s so bad about incest? sure, having sex with your dad or your sister seems gross — but why? some anthropologists have argued that incest taboos are learned social conventions. this explanation, however, doesn’t make sense to me as it does not explain the widespread existence of anti-incest mechanisms in creatures ranging from cockroaches to chimpanzees. second, the incest taboo is about as close to a universal law as human moral rules get.

why should mechanisms to avoid incest be so widespread both in nature and across human societies? the answer is simple. the problem with having sex close with relatives is that there is an astonishingly high chance that your offspring will be born with a serious birth defect.