Active transport
a) requires the cell to expend energy.
b) uses atp as an energy source.
c) can move solutes up a concentration gradient.
d) can involve the coupled passage of solutes.
e) all of the choices are correct.

All of the choices are correct.

Explanation:

Active transport is the transportation of molecules through a membrane from places where they are low in concentration to other places where they are high in concentration.

Moving substances against the concentration gradient would require the cells to use energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to ensure the needed concentration of molecules and ions in the living cells are constantly being kept

its d i know cause i've been googling it

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